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Science arrived at the Big Bang theory through its admirably painstaking and ideologically disinterested process of hypothesis and verification and,sometimes,happy accident.In1913,astronomer Vesto Melvin Slipher of the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff,Atiz.,discovered galaxies that were receding from the earth at extraordinarily high speeds,up to 2 million m.p.h.In 1929,the American astronomer Edwin Hubble developed Slipher’s findings to formulate his law of an expanding universe,which presupposes a single primordial explsion.Meantime,Albert Einstein,without benefit of observation,concocted his general theory of relativity,which overthrew Newton and contained in its apparatus the idea of the expanding universe.The Steady State idea still held many astronomers,however,until1965,when two scientists at Bell Telephone Laboratories,Amo Penzias and Robert Wilson,using sophisticated electronic equipment,picked up the noise made by background radiation coming fron all parts of the sky.What they were hearing,as it turned out ,were the reverberations left over from the first explosion,the hissing echoes of creation.In the past dozen years,most astronomer have come around to operating on the assumption that there was indeed a big bang. |
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